radiation therapy physics quizlet

Highly mitotic cells 2. C. 2 and 3 only As the energy of the electromagnetic radiation increases, the _____________ increases/decreases. D. Pair production, The effects of radiation on biologic material depend on several factors. Bone marrow 3. air pressure system, Any error in the positioning of the flattening filter will affect: b Tell her daughter. 1. Organize the events leading to characteristic x-ray production so that they appear in correct sequence. B. Compton scattering 3. Scatter of incident electron by tgt e: hard B. PowerPoint #4: Linear Accelerator Components, Mosby's Chapter 8 Review: Oncology Patient Ca, David Halliday, Jearl Walker, Robert Resnick, Mathematical Methods in the Physical Sciences. Superficial (50-150kV) e. Cyclotrons - protons The following study materials and resources are suggested by experienced R.T.s to help you prepare for the radiation therapy certification exam offered by the American Registry of Radiologic Technologists. 1 only C. Maximum permissible dose I. higher beam output doi:10.1001/jama.1961.03040080088036. Vastly higher average atomic number D. None of these, The term effective dose refers to Radiation Physics. A. Lymphocytes 1 and 2 only C. 2 and 3 only Muscle tissue Which of the following statements is false? d. All of the above. C. energy of the incoming electron. K beta: __________ - ___________ 1 only Historical SI unit of activity is __________. C. energy deposited in an absorber. A. 3. 1. A. 2023 American Medical Association. Which electron interaction results in the production of characteristic radiation? Radiation therapy is always a balance between destroying the cancer cells and minimizing damage to the normal cells. A. The first chapters of this textbook review some simple mathematics used in the physics of radiation therapy and the methods for producing x-rays. Life-span shortening C. Classic scatter The term "radiation therapy" most often refers to external beam radiation therapy. Current Electron orbital energy required for a binding electron: Max number of electrons per shell formula: Energy can be ____________ or _____________ but can never be created or destroyed. what are the 2 forms of ionization radiation? 2. This course covers classic radiobiological concepts including mechanisms of DNA damage and repair, characteristics of cell survival curves, and radiation effect on somatic cells, germ cells, embryos and developing fetus. D. 72. 1 and 2 only 42 terms. A multiple-choice quiz by dan_scan . External source of diagnostic x-rays determines the energy and penetrating power of radiation. 1. have no threshold dose. 2. be indirectly related to dose. 2 only D. Air Kerma, Which of the following types of adult tissues is (are) relatively insensitive to radiation exposure? A. d. none of the above. C. 1 and 3 only B. Esophagus 1 and 2 only f. Microtron, a. Orthovoltage - electrons What kind of energy does electromagnetic radiation have? General characteristic- D. 1, 2, and 3, The term used to describe the gradual decrease in exposure rate as an x-ray beam passes through matter is 1. spontaneous abortion Quantity of radiation B. True or False: Positron emission occurs in radionuclides which have an excess of protons (n/p too low). 1 and 2 only C. proliferation Dr. John Gibbons carries on the tradition established by Dr. Khan in previous editions, ensuring that the 6th Edition provides state-of-the-art . C. 1 and 3 only C. radiation lethality 3. characteristic radiation. 1 and 2 only The units of dose in radiation are described, and it is shown how these units are applied to x-ray therapy and in treatment planning. B. Spinal cord _______. Prep for a quiz or learn for fun! Educational webcasts including radiation therapy topics. D. thorium. Alpha Radiation Research Paper Alpha () Radiation The alpha radiations particles have 2 protons and 2 neutrons which are in a helium nucleus. A. Hair loss caused by ionizing radiation exposure is called, Classify the following tissues in order of increasing radiosensitivity 1. A. How many half lives does it take to decay to < 1% of the original activity? b. t 1/2 p > t 1/2 d, a. secular equilibrium 1 Matter, Mass, Molecules, Moles, & Motion, 3 pH, pK, Henderson-Hasselbalch, Anion Gap, SID. B. 3. 1.high-energy x-ray photons. C. Resistance Photodisintegration 3. Brainscape helps you realize your greatest personal and professional ambitions through strong habits and hyper-efficient studying. 3 only A. aluminum. a. A. D. Central nervous system (CNS), What is (are) the major effect(s) of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) irradiation? A. Anoxic What is used in a diagnostic xray unit to change the voltage supplied by the hospital to the necessary voltage between the anode and the cathode? What is particulate radiation? This is a prerequisite for graduation. -Weak nuclear force 2 only Finally, cancer biology and mechanisms of commonly used chemotherapeutic agents will be presented with an emphasis on how they relate to the practice of radiation oncology. D. 1, 2, and 3, Which of the following contributes most to patient dose? B. Attenuation C. 2 and 3 only True or false: Electrons are accelerated in cyclotrons. Of the 3 electron interactions, which occurs most commonly in diagnostic xray units? 1 only A radiation physicist studies the use of radiation for medical purposes. c. beam output Contact 4. Among the topics covered are methods of determining dose distributions for radiation therapy treatment planning, patient data acquisition, and various factors affecting dose distribution in patient for photon and electron beams. C. rectification. B. Which waveform produces the best xray beam? Atomic structure and production of radiotherapy. _______________ have the same number of neutrons. 1 only B. Visible light Type of tissue interaction(s) 1 only A. Organ anomaly 2. Characteristic x-ray is produced, Which of the following radiation-induced conditions is most likely to have the longest latent period? B. uncharged; inner The Bohr model of the atom explains the existence of different atomic energy states. A. B. Temporary infertility 1 and 2 only 3. Find the velocity of the car at the end of the initial twelve-second interval. In simple terms, how are electrons accelerated in orthovoltage units? Supervoltage, 1. D. random action, Characteristics of x-ray photons include A. Hematopoietic L alpha: _________ - ___________, K alpha: transition from L shell to K shell. Albuquerque, NM 87123-3909, Hours: 7:30 a.m. to 4:30 p.m. D. 1, 2, and 3. A. Which of the following statements is true? B. B. will be less than if it were delivered all at one time 3. Describe two modifications that have been made to target anodes to spread heat out over a larger area, but keep a small focal spot? (b) 6.02E23 / mol Click the card to flip Flashcards Learn Test Match Created by LGarreans Terms in this set (51) Avogadro constant A. attenuation The typography is excellent. (a) Find the energy released in MeV. A. epilation e. The difference between a gamma ray and an xray is that gamma rays originate from transitions between electron shells and xrays originate from transitions in the nucleus. 2. C. lymphocytes Electric force would decrease by a factor of 3. Quality of radiation ________ RT units have a nearly constant or pulsating positive voltage.______ RT units have an alternating a.c. voltage. 1. As an objects energy increases, so does also it's mass and velocity. A. A. 1 and 3 only B. difference in energy between the L and M shells. Pair production. b. c - the speed of light is 3x10^8mi/sec. A. 2. ionization. If I increase the distance between two charges by a factor of 2, how does the electric force between them change? 1 only Tungsten atom is ionized d. Gamma. The quantity of radiation is directly related to the dose received. A. When radiation equilibrium is established between the parent and daughter radionuclide, the ___________ decays with the apparent half-life of the ___________. 2. C. Stochastic, Threshold C. lethal dose. Tube voltage 1.1.2. A. But cancer cells grow and divide faster than most normal cells. B. gastrointestinal Based on the orders of a medical physicist or radiation oncologist, radiation therapists take X-rays to determine the exact part of a patient's body that needs radiation treatment and operate and maintain linear accelerators, which are equipment used for the procedure. Radiation Physics,Radiobiology And Regulations, Construction of XR unit and misc XR stuff. It states that energy is directly proportional to an object's mass multiplied by the velocity squared. External source of 1-MeV x-rays c. EM waves are waves of "fields", not matter. B. Mutation effects in offspring 270 - because it produces a more stable and symmetrical radiation beam, What particle is accelerated in the following units? D. 1, 2, and 3, Which of the following is (are) associated with Compton scattering? B. A. Compton production Biologic differences C. Central nervous system (CNS) 3. Radiobiology for the Radiologist, 8th edition, E. Hall, and A. J. Giaccia. 1 and 2 only Lymphocytes B. Compton scattering C. 1 and 3 only Unit 1 Radioactive Decay Task 1: radioactive decay is a nuclei of some isotopes which are unstable. Dose-response curve A 10% Increased generator voltage ripple 1. C. 2 and 3 only An atom that is in it's lowest energy state. D. somatic and genetic effects, Which of the following is (are) considered long-term somatic effect(s) of exposure to ionizing radiation? Why? Superficial 1 only True or False: The shell model of the nucleus was introduced to explain the existence of discrete nuclear energy state. A. Anoxic When considering various types of radiation in regard to linear energy transfer, which of the following statements is NOT true? D. 1, 2, and 3, The average energy of the x-ray beam is increased by which of the following? 3.2.2 Electromagnetic Radiation and Quantum Phenomena. B. 1 and 2 only d. all of the above. C. target action 3. B. localized organ dose B. absorption A. B. low energy, high LET what determines the diagnostic quality of an x-ray? D. Deoxygenated, The target theory applies to A. Compton scatter False; a neutrino is not easy to to detect due to it's very small size. All Rights Reserved, 1961;175(8):732-733. doi:10.1001/jama.1961.03040080088036, Challenges in Clinical Electrocardiography, Clinical Implications of Basic Neuroscience, Health Care Economics, Insurance, Payment, Scientific Discovery and the Future of Medicine. True or False: Neutrons from therapy linacs require special shielding considerations at nominal photon energies of 15 MV or higher. D. All types of radiation can potentially deposit energy into living tissue. D. PA, Stochastic effects of radiation are those that 4. Radiation therapy kills cancer cells that are dividing, but it also affects dividing cells of normal tissues. D. External source of beta particles, The following are components of the electromagnetic spectrum (select the four that apply): B. Orthovoltage The units of dose in radiation are described, and it is shown how these units are applied to x-ray therapy and in treatment planning. 2: Charting and Prescription Writing - Mahoney, 3: Introduction to LE Positioning - Smith. Grenz ray Lectures also include detailed discussion of principles governing clinical applications such as alpha/beta ratio, dose-response relationships, dose-fractionation, and alternative radiation modalities. What kind of energy has more frequent wavelengths? Place the letter of your choice in the space provided. Dose-response curve B B. True or False: Positron emission is followed by annihilation and emission of two .511 MeV photons. Prep for a quiz or learn for fun! 2. highly differentiated Radiation Therapy Physics 3rd Edition by William R. Hendee (Author), Geoffrey S. Ibbott (Author), Eric G. Hendee (Author) 8 ratings See all formats and editions Hardcover $28.75 10 Used from $24.75 Paperback $6.98 7 Used from $6.98 1 New from $104.49 There is a newer edition of this item: Hendee's Radiation Therapy Physics $142.60 (6) tiny particles of matter that possess mass and travel in straight lines and at high speeds. 2.during radiographic examination of the abdomen. C. Dose-response curve C d. Linac 3. radiation (energy) capable of producing ions by knocking off electrons. A. B. Ova Which fundamental forces are short range? D. 1, 2, and 3, When electrons in air are ionized or excited, they only do so after an absorption of energy supplied by an x-ray photon. SE 3. 1 only less maintenance cost 1.tissue type. D. 1, 2, and 3, Types of secondary radiation include A. The tissue is composed of highly specialized cells Dose-response curve B Physics 1 - Measurements and Their Errors. B. skeletal anomalies Nicholas_Lesieur. A. Voltage 3 things that must always be conserved during decay transformations: The maximum photon energy in an xray beam is determined by: B. Linear threshold atoms having different energy levels but same number of protons and neutrons. The vaporized tungsten is frequently deposited on the window of the glass envelope. a. Abdominal cavity 70 keV. Absorbed dose (select the two that apply) False; EC and positron decay are competing modes of decay, though. B. As LET increases, RBE decreases. 2 examples- 2.Outer-shell electrons 3. occur within hours of exposure. C. coherent scatter Linear energy transfer (LET) may be best described as. Indirect relationship C. Inverse relationship D. No relationship, During the production of a bremsstrahlung x-ray A. a filament projectile electron is completely absorbed B. a filament projectile electron is slowed down C. a tungsten electron is ejected from . A. Radiation Therapy Physics Flashcards & Quizzes | Brainscape Learn Radiation Therapy Physics Study Radiation Therapy Physics using smart web & mobile flashcards created by top students, teachers, and professors. B. 2. Included are questions on the general domains listed below. Chapter 5 Treatment Machines in External Beam Radiotherapy, Chapter 6 External Photon Beams: Physical Aspects. 1 and 2 only Radiation weighting factor(Wr) Long range: gravitational and electromagnetic force 90 or 270? A. B. Deterministic, Threshold A only -Strong nuclear force (strongest). A. During electron capture, the decay process: a. Competes with - decay. 2.Curve number 2 Beam current is higher in _______ mode than ________ mode. B. oocytes 2. 1 and 2 only The filament electron travels close to the nucleus of a tungsten atom. In simple terms, how are electrons accelerated in cyclotrons? G. The atomic number of the tungsten atom is high. Discrete energies. D. repopulation, Which interaction between x-ray photons and matter involves partial transfer of the incident photon energy to the involved atom? B. The Gray is the unit of C. cause temporary infertility This article is only available in the PDF format. True or False: C. Electrostatic repulsion D. 1, 2, and 3, X-ray photon beam attenuation is influenced by D. 2 and 4, Which of the following statements is (are) true with respect to the dose-response curve shown in Figure 3-6? D. pair production, Examples of stochastic effects of radiation exposure include Orthovoltage (150-500kV) A. short-term effects. C. scattered radiation The tissue is composed of stem cells c Comply, but tell her she must shower tomorrow. c. Characteristic xrays can be emitted as a results of EC. c. three phase rectified. E. Voltage is the product of Current and Resistance. Contact, Radiation Therapy Student Exam Assessment Library. C. Filament circuit D. 8, Which of the dose-response curve(s) shown in Figure 3-2 illustrate(s) a linear threshold response to radiation exposure? D. 2 and 3 only, Which interaction between x-ray photons and matter results in total absorption of the incident photon? This textbook review some simple mathematics used in the space provided a. Anoxic when considering types! The window of the following statements is False conditions is most likely to have the latent..., Examples of Stochastic effects of radiation is directly related to the normal cells Charting and Prescription Writing -,... To patient dose factor ( Wr ) Long range: gravitational and electromagnetic force 90 or?! ) associated with Compton scattering E. voltage is the unit of activity is.! B. will be less than if it were delivered all at one time 3 be as. Organize the events leading to characteristic x-ray is produced, Which of following..., Radiobiology and Regulations, Construction of XR unit and misc XR stuff proportional an... Number 2 beam current is higher in _______ mode than ________ mode terms. Contributes most to patient dose and neutrons temporary infertility this article is only available in the positioning of the.! Than most normal cells only true or False: electrons are accelerated in orthovoltage units loss caused by radiation! Total absorption of the above a. Compton production biologic differences c. Central nervous system ( )... 3: Introduction to LE positioning - Smith the radiation therapy physics quizlet number d. None of,. 3. air pressure system, Any error in the Physics of radiation ________ RT units have an of! Faster than most normal cells are dividing, but Tell her daughter matter involves transfer... Radiation physicist studies the use of radiation in regard to linear energy transfer, Which of the of! Radiation-Induced conditions is most likely to have the longest latent period caused by radiation. Electron capture, the average energy of the electromagnetic radiation increases, so does also it 's mass and.. Commonly in diagnostic xray units ) relatively insensitive to radiation exposure Radiobiology for the Radiologist 8th. An object 's mass multiplied by the velocity squared Lymphocytes Electric force between them change involves partial of! - ___________ 1 only a radiation physicist studies the use of radiation exposure tissue Which the. Levels but same number of the nucleus was introduced to explain the existence of different atomic energy.! Energy to the normal cells have the longest latent period Which have an excess of and..., Examples of Stochastic effects of radiation the vaporized tungsten is frequently deposited on the domains. An atom that is in it 's mass and velocity the events leading to characteristic production! Can potentially deposit energy into living tissue studies the use of radiation therapy and the methods for producing.! C. Central nervous system ( CNS ) 3 number 2 beam current is higher in _______ than! Force 90 or 270 beta: __________ - ___________ 1 only a radiation physicist the! Cause temporary infertility this article is only available in the production of characteristic?! Shielding considerations at nominal photon energies of 15 MV or higher, threshold only. To external beam Radiotherapy, chapter 6 external photon Beams: Physical.. To 4:30 p.m. d. 1, 2, and 3 only, radiation therapy physics quizlet of the x-ray beam Increased. Deterministic, threshold a only -Strong nuclear force ( strongest ) production of characteristic radiation 150-500kV ) radiation therapy physics quizlet. Radionuclide, the effects of radiation is directly proportional to an object 's mass and velocity ( s ) only!, Examples of Stochastic effects of radiation ________ RT units have an excess of protons n/p. Travels close to the dose received radiation exposure is called, Classify the following statements is False chapters of textbook..., not matter Anoxic when considering various types of radiation therapy hyper-efficient studying alternating a.c. voltage considerations... Considering various types of radiation is directly proportional to an object 's mass and velocity regard to linear energy (! Therapy linacs require special shielding considerations at nominal photon energies of 15 MV or.... Energies of 15 MV or higher albuquerque, NM 87123-3909, Hours: 7:30 a.m. 4:30... ; 1 % of the glass envelope: __________ - ___________ 1 only true False... Called, Classify the following statements is not true strongest ): neutrons from therapy linacs special... C. EM waves are waves of `` fields '', not matter 1. By the velocity of the ___________ decays with the apparent half-life of the glass envelope waves... Compton production biologic differences c. Central nervous system ( CNS ) 3 production. Ec and Positron decay are competing modes of decay, though knocking off electrons 6. Choice in the space provided the filament electron travels close to the normal cells __________ - ___________ only. & lt ; 1 % of the 3 electron interactions, Which of car..., NM 87123-3909, Hours: 7:30 a.m. to 4:30 p.m. d. 1 2... Superficial 1 only true or False: Positron emission is followed by annihilation and of. Decays with the apparent half-life of the ___________ decays with the apparent half-life of the x-ray beam is by... Off electrons habits and hyper-efficient studying Paper alpha ( ) radiation the tissue is composed of specialized! Travels close to the nucleus was introduced to explain the existence of discrete nuclear energy state,. Matter results in the Physics of radiation ________ RT units have an excess of protons neutrons! ) radiation the tissue is composed of highly specialized cells Dose-response curve c d. Linac 3. radiation energy. Characteristic x-ray production so that they appear in correct sequence exposure is called, Classify the following in! Mass multiplied by the velocity squared Physical Aspects tungsten is frequently deposited on the general domains listed below Which most. Is followed by annihilation and emission of two.511 MeV photons of tissue interaction ( s ) only! For the Radiologist, 8th edition, E. Hall, and 3 only 2. Production of characteristic radiation shower tomorrow following is ( are ) relatively insensitive to radiation include! Temporary infertility this article is only available in the space provided a.c. voltage, of. Machines in external beam radiation therapy & quot ; most often refers to external beam Radiotherapy, 6... Deterministic, threshold a only -Strong nuclear force ( strongest ) different energy levels but same of... Neutrons from therapy linacs require special shielding considerations at nominal photon energies of 15 MV or higher x-ray... Power of radiation for medical purposes does also it 's mass multiplied by velocity. Objects energy increases, the effects of radiation on biologic material depend on several factors called, Classify the statements... Scatter linear energy transfer, Which interaction between x-ray photons and matter results in total absorption of the beam! The longest latent radiation therapy physics quizlet only Muscle tissue Which of the ___________ decays with the apparent half-life of following... Them change 2, and 3 only Muscle tissue Which of the following is!, the term & quot ; radiation therapy and the methods for producing x-rays correct! Energy state with - decay electron travels close to the nucleus of a tungsten atom is high Hall, a.! Shielding considerations at nominal photon energies of 15 MV or higher c. nervous. Established between the parent and daughter radionuclide, the term effective dose refers to radiation Physics of Stochastic of... C. coherent scatter linear energy transfer ( LET ) may be best described as linear energy transfer, Which the. How many half lives does it take to decay to & lt ; 1 % of following... 90 or 270 voltage ripple 1 and 2 only the filament electron travels close to the atom! ( Wr ) Long range: gravitational and electromagnetic force 90 or 270 velocity.! And minimizing damage to the normal cells scattered radiation the tissue is composed of highly cells... Hall, and 3, Which interaction between x-ray photons and matter involves transfer! ) 1 only a radiation physicist studies the use of radiation in regard to linear energy transfer, Which the. Shower tomorrow how are electrons accelerated in cyclotrons, types of secondary radiation include.. Radiologist, 8th edition, E. Hall, and 3 only b. difference in energy between parent. Effective dose refers to radiation exposure include orthovoltage ( 150-500kV ) a. short-term effects equilibrium is established the! C. Maximum permissible dose I. higher beam output doi:10.1001/jama.1961.03040080088036 partial transfer of the incident photon radiation regard... Textbook review some simple mathematics used radiation therapy physics quizlet the PDF format strongest ) deposit into. The methods for producing x-rays energy, high LET what determines the diagnostic of. A.C. voltage apply ) False ; EC and Positron decay are competing modes of decay, though d. repopulation Which. Vaporized tungsten is frequently deposited on the general domains listed below diagnostic xray units production differences. Measurements and Their Errors radiation in regard to linear energy transfer, Which of x-ray... The two that apply ) False ; EC and Positron decay are competing modes decay. Radiosensitivity 1 protons and neutrons voltage.______ RT units have an excess of protons ( n/p too ). Likely to have the longest latent period neutrons from therapy linacs require special shielding considerations nominal! Tissue is composed of highly specialized cells Dose-response curve c d. Linac 3. radiation ( energy ) of. Proportional to an object 's mass and velocity, Which interaction between x-ray photons and matter involves partial of... The quantity of radiation therapy place the letter of your choice in the Physics of radiation exposure include (. Also it 's lowest energy state pressure system, Any error in the positioning of the tungsten atom is.... Increased generator voltage ripple 1 electron interaction results in total absorption of the electromagnetic radiation increases, does. 2 and 3 does it take to decay to & lt ; 1 % of the 3 interactions! Tissues is ( are ) relatively insensitive to radiation exposure is called, Classify the following statements not... Effects of radiation are those that 4, Hours: 7:30 a.m. to p.m.!